The town of Oxford, Massachusetts, has a rich and storied history dating back to its settlement in 1687, followed by its official incorporation in 1713. It was originally settled by Huguenots and is famously known as the birthplace of Clara Barton, the founder of the American Red Cross. Historically, Oxford’s boundaries were much larger, and it contributed land to the formation of neighboring towns, including a portion that helped create Webster. Its economic past was significantly shaped by the arrival of the Norwich and Worcester Railroad in the 1840s, which spurred industrial development, particularly in the textile sector, along the French River. The town saw its economy fluctuate through the early 20th century, with a decline in the textile industry offset by a resurgence in the shoe industry and farming that specialized in dairy, orchards, and poultry, as marginal farmland reverted to woods.

Today, Oxford serves as a quiet, suburban residential community located in Worcester County, easily accessible via Interstate 395 and Route 20, providing a convenient commute to major cities like Worcester and Boston. With a population of over 13,300, it maintains a small-town atmosphere while offering modern amenities and access to major services. The landscape and economy were significantly impacted by the 1960 federal flood control project at Hodges Village, which, despite requiring the relocation of some structures, created substantial recreational open space along the French River, allowing for hiking, biking, and other outdoor activities. Oxford continues to be a community that balances its historical roots and natural scenery with modern infrastructure, making it a desirable location that is well-integrated into the Central Massachusetts region.