Russell, Massachusetts was first settled in the early 1800s and officially incorporated in 1792, carved out of the nearby town of Westfield. It quickly grew into a mill town powered by the Westfield River, with water-powered industries such as paper mills, gristmills, and tanneries becoming central to the local economy. The mountainous terrain and flowing rivers made it ideal for industry, and the arrival of the railroad further connected Russell to larger markets. During the 19th century, the town thrived with bustling mill villages like Crescent Mills and Woronoco, and workers’ housing, schools, and churches reflected its industrious spirit.

Today, Russell is a quiet hilltown with a population of just over 1,600, known for its scenic views, forested landscapes, and small-town charm. While most of its mills are no longer in operation, remnants of its industrial past remain part of the local identity. Many residents commute to Westfield, Springfield, or other nearby cities for work, enjoying the peaceful rural life Russell offers. The town emphasizes conservation and community, with access to hiking trails, the Westfield River, and recreational areas like Tekoa Mountain. Russell continues to embrace its roots while offering residents a serene, nature-filled environment.